在前面的章節(jié)中已經(jīng)看到并學(xué)習(xí)了鏈表,但在前面只是進(jìn)行介紹和入門。 在本章中,我們看到另一種鏈接列表,可以向前和向后移動遍歷。 這種鏈表稱為雙向鏈表。 以下是雙向鏈表的特點(diǎn)。
next和prev的鏈接字段。創(chuàng)建雙向鏈表
我們使用Node類創(chuàng)建一個雙鏈表。 使用與單鏈表中相同的方法,但是除了存在于節(jié)點(diǎn)中的數(shù)據(jù)之外,頭指針和下一個指針將用于正確分配以在每個節(jié)點(diǎn)中創(chuàng)建兩個鏈接。
參考以下代碼的實(shí)現(xiàn) -
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Adding data elements
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Print the Doubly Linked list
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
執(zhí)行上面示例代碼,得到以下結(jié)果 -
62
8
12
插入雙鏈表中
在這里將演示如何使用以下程序?qū)⒐?jié)點(diǎn)插入到雙向鏈接列表中。 該程序使用一個名為insert()的方法,它將新節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到雙向鏈表頭部的第三個位置。
參考以下代碼的實(shí)現(xiàn) -
# Create the Node class
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Define the insert method to insert the element
def insert(self, prev_node, NewVal):
if prev_node is None:
return
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = prev_node.next
prev_node.next = NewNode
NewNode.prev = prev_node
if NewNode.next is not None:
NewNode.next.prev = NewNode
# Define the method to print the linked list
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.insert(dllist.head.next, 13)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
執(zhí)行上面示例代碼,得到以下結(jié)果 -
62
8
13
12
附加到雙向鏈表
追加節(jié)點(diǎn)(元素)到雙向鏈表的最后位置。參考以下代碼的實(shí)現(xiàn) -
# Create the node class
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list class
class doubly_linked_list:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements at the begining
def push(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = self.head
if self.head is not None:
self.head.prev = NewNode
self.head = NewNode
# Define the append method to add elements at the end
def append(self, NewVal):
NewNode = Node(NewVal)
NewNode.next = None
if self.head is None:
NewNode.prev = None
self.head = NewNode
return
last = self.head
while (last.next is not None):
last = last.next
last.next = NewNode
NewNode.prev = last
return
# Define the method to print
def listprint(self, node):
while (node is not None):
print(node.data),
last = node
node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist.push(12)
dllist.append(9)
dllist.push(8)
dllist.push(62)
dllist.append(45)
dllist.listprint(dllist.head)
執(zhí)行上面示例代碼,得到以下結(jié)果 -
62
8
12
9
45
注意:元素
9和45在追加操作中的位置。