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鍍金池/ 教程/ 數(shù)據(jù)庫/ PHP連接PostgreSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫
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PHP連接PostgreSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫

PostgreSQL擴(kuò)展在默認(rèn)情況下在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中是啟用的。 可以在編譯時使用--without-pgsql來禁用它。仍然可以使用yum命令來安裝PHP-PostgreSQL接口：

yum install php-pgsql

在開始使用PHP連接PostgreSQL接口之前，請先在PostgreSQL安裝目錄中找到pg_hba.conf文件，并添加以下行：

# IPv4 local connections:
host    all         all         127.0.0.1/32          md5

您可以啟動/重新啟動postgres服務(wù)器，使用以下命令運(yùn)行：

[root@host]# service postgresql restart
Stopping postgresql service:                               [  OK  ]
Starting postgresql service:                               [  OK  ]

Windows用戶必須啟用php_pgsql.dll才能使用此擴(kuò)展名。這個DLL包含在最新版本的PHP 5.3.x中的Windows發(fā)行版中。

PHP連接到PostgreSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫

以下PHP代碼顯示如何連接到本地機(jī)器上的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)庫，最后將返回數(shù)據(jù)庫連接對象。

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
?>

現(xiàn)在，讓我們運(yùn)行上面的程序打開數(shù)據(jù)庫:testdb，如果成功打開數(shù)據(jù)庫連接，那么它將給出以下消息：

Opened database successfully

創(chuàng)建表

以下PHP程序?qū)⒂糜谠谥皠?chuàng)建的數(shù)據(jù)庫(testdb)中創(chuàng)建一個表：

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      CREATE TABLE COMPANY
      (ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
      NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
      AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
      ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
      SALARY         REAL);
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
   } else {
      echo "Table created successfully\n";
   }
   pg_close($db);
?>

當(dāng)執(zhí)行上述程序時，它將在testdb數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建COMPANY表，并顯示以下消息：

Opened database successfully
Table created successfully

插入操作

以下PHP程序顯示了如何在上述示例中創(chuàng)建的COMPANY表中創(chuàng)建記錄：

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
   } else {
      echo "Records created successfully\n";
   }
   pg_close($db);
?>

當(dāng)執(zhí)行上述程序時，它將在COMPANY表中創(chuàng)建給定的記錄，并顯示以下兩行：

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT操作

以下PHP程序顯示了如何從上述示例中創(chuàng)建的COMPANY表中獲取和顯示記錄：

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

當(dāng)執(zhí)行上述程序時，將產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果。 請記下，在創(chuàng)建表時按照它們使用的順序返回字段。

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY =  20000

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY =  15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY =  65000

Operation done successfully

更新操作

以下PHP代碼顯示了如何使用UPDATE語句來更新指定記錄，然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示更新的記錄：

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;
EOF;
   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } else {
      echo "Record updated successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

執(zhí)行上述程序時，會產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

Opened database successfully
Record updated successfully
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  65000

ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY =  25000

Operation done successfully

刪除操作

以下PHP代碼顯示了如何使用DELETE語句刪除指定記錄，然后從COMPANY表中獲取并顯示剩余的記錄：

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname=testdb";
   $credentials = "user=postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db){
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;
EOF;
   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } else {
      echo "Record deleted successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)){
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

執(zhí)行上述程序時，會產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

Opened database successfully
Record deleted successfully
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  65000

ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY =  25000

Operation done successfully