Cassandra集合用于處理任務(wù)。 您可以在集合中存儲多個元素。 Cassandra支持三種類型的集合：

• Set
• List
• Map

Set集合

Set集合存儲查詢時返回排序元素的元素組。

語法：

Create table table_name  
(  
    id int,  
    Name text,  
    Email set<text>,  
    Primary key(id)  
);

示例：

下面舉個例子來展示Set集合。創(chuàng)建一個具有三列(id, name 和 email)的表“employee”。

use yiibai_ks;

create table employee(
  id int,
  name text,
  email set<text>,
  primary key(id)
);

執(zhí)行上面語句創(chuàng)建表以后如下：

cqlsh:yiibai_ks> create table employee(
             ...   id int,
             ...   name text,
             ...   email set<text>,
             ...   primary key(id)
             ... );
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> describe employee;

CREATE TABLE yiibai_ks.employee (
    id int PRIMARY KEY,
    email set<text>,
    name text
) WITH bloom_filter_fp_chance = 0.01
    AND caching = {'keys': 'ALL', 'rows_per_partition': 'NONE'}
    AND comment = ''
    AND compaction = {'class': 'org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.SizeTieredCompactionStrategy', 'max_threshold': '32', 'min_threshold': '4'}
    AND compression = {'chunk_length_in_kb': '64', 'class': 'org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.LZ4Compressor'}
    AND crc_check_chance = 1.0
    AND dclocal_read_repair_chance = 0.1
    AND default_time_to_live = 0
    AND gc_grace_seconds = 864000
    AND max_index_interval = 2048
    AND memtable_flush_period_in_ms = 0
    AND min_index_interval = 128
    AND read_repair_chance = 0.0
    AND speculative_retry = '99PERCENTILE';

cqlsh:yiibai_ks>

現(xiàn)在，向上面創(chuàng)建的employee表中插入一些值：

INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)     
VALUES(1, {'yestouu@gmail.com'}, 'yestouu');    
INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)     
VALUES(2,{'kanchan@qq.com'}, 'Kanchan');   
INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)     
VALUES(3, {'maxsu@126.com'}, 'Maxsu');

執(zhí)行上面語句結(jié)果如下 -

cqlsh:yiibai_ks> INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)
             ... VALUES(1, {'yestouu@gmail.com'}, 'yestouu');
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)
             ... VALUES(2,{'kanchan@qq.com'}, 'Kanchan');
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name)
             ... VALUES(3, {'maxsu@126.com'}, 'Maxsu');
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> select * from employee;

 id | email                 | name
----+-----------------------+---------
  1 | {'yestouu@gmail.com'} | yestouu
  2 |    {'kanchan@qq.com'} | Kanchan
  3 |     {'maxsu@126.com'} |   Maxsu

(3 rows)
cqlsh:yiibai_ks>

List集合

當(dāng)元素的順序重要時，使用列表(List)集合。我們以擴展上面示例中的employee表并新增一列department為例。

alter table employee add department list<text>;

執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下 -

cqlsh:yiibai_ks> alter table employee add department list<text>;
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> select * from employee;

 id | department | email                 | name
----+------------+-----------------------+---------
  1 |       null | {'yestouu@gmail.com'} | yestouu
  2 |       null |    {'kanchan@qq.com'} | Kanchan
  3 |       null |     {'maxsu@126.com'} |   Maxsu

(3 rows)
cqlsh:yiibai_ks>

現(xiàn)在添加新列(department)。 在新列“department”中插入一些值。

INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name, department) VALUES(4, {'sweetsu@gmail.com'}, 'Sweetsu', ['IT Devopment']);

執(zhí)行上面語句結(jié)果如下 -

cqlsh:yiibai_ks> alter table employee add department list<text>;
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> select * from employee;

 id | department | email                 | name
----+------------+-----------------------+---------
  1 |       null | {'yestouu@gmail.com'} | yestouu
  2 |       null |    {'kanchan@qq.com'} | Kanchan
  3 |       null |     {'maxsu@126.com'} |   Maxsu

(3 rows)
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> INSERT INTO employee (id, email, name, department) VALUES(4, {'sweetsu@gmail.com'}, 'Sweetsu', ['IT Devopment']);
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> select * from employee;

 id | department       | email                 | name
----+------------------+-----------------------+---------
  1 |             null | {'yestouu@gmail.com'} | yestouu
  2 |             null |    {'kanchan@qq.com'} | Kanchan
  4 | ['IT Devopment'] | {'sweetsu@gmail.com'} | Sweetsu
  3 |             null |     {'maxsu@126.com'} |   Maxsu

(4 rows)
cqlsh:yiibai_ks>

Map集合

Map集合用于存儲鍵值對。它將一件事映射到另一件事。 例如，如果要將必備課程名稱來保存課程信息，則可以使用Map集合。

例子：

創(chuàng)建一個名為“course”的表。

create table course(
    id int,
    prereq map<text, text>,
    primary key(id)
);

-- 插入數(shù)據(jù)
INSERT into course(id,prereq) VALUES(1, {'Programming':'CPP&&Java', 'Network':'Artificail Intelligence'});

現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)建表，在Map集合類型中插入一些數(shù)據(jù)。

輸出：

cqlsh:yiibai_ks> create table course(
             ... id int,
             ... prereq map<text, text>,
             ... primary key(id)
             ... );
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> INSERT into course(id,prereq) VALUES(1, {'Programming':'CPP&&Java', 'Network':'Artificail Intelligence'});
cqlsh:yiibai_ks> select * from course;

 id | prereq
----+--------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 | {'Network': 'Artificail Intelligence', 'Programming': 'CPP&&Java'}

(1 rows)
cqlsh:yiibai_ks>